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<h2><span style="font-size:14pt;"><strong>Lavender spice</strong></span><br /><span style="font-size:14pt;color:#ff0000;"><strong>The price is for package of 5 grams of this spice.</strong></span></h2> <p><span style="font-size:11pt;color:#000000;">Culinary Lavender’s is most often considered native to the Mediterranean region but its natural range is in Arabia, the Canary Islands, Eastern Africa, India and Southern Europe. Lavender’s popularity in cooking extends to both savory and sweet dishes. Lavender has an intense, spicy and sweetly floral aroma with mint and lemon undertones. The taste has a touch of camphor with a hint of bitterness. It has also been described as having the intriguing appeal of a good wine’s bouquet. Typically the dried buds (also called flowers) are used for cooking although some chefs will also use the leaves. The essential oil of the Lavender Herb is only found in the buds. Culinary Lavender flowers are most commonly found in dessert recipes, but as you become more comfortable cooking with this herb, you'll quickly find that it is also a spectacular addition to savory foods. Lavender, like rosemary, adds a robust flavor to roasted meats and is particularly good with chicken, lamb, pheasant and rabbit. Lavender works well in combination with marjoram, Mediterranean oregano, parsley, rosemary, savory and thyme.</span></p>

Z 77

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<h2><span style="font-size:14pt;"><strong>White sesame spice (Sesamum indicum)</strong></span><br /><span style="font-size:14pt;color:#ff0000;"><strong>The price is for package of 5 grams of this spice.</strong></span></h2> <p>Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is native to the Old Word tropics and is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world. Sesame oil is not mentioned in the Bible, but appears to have been important in non-Hebrew cultures 2,000 to 4,000 years ago. It was a highly prized oil crop of Babylon and Assyria at least 4,000 years ago. Today, India and China are the world's largest producers of sesame, followed by Burma, Sudan, Mexico, Nigeria, Venezuela, Turkey, Uganda and Ethiopia. World production in 1985 was 2.53 million tons on 16.3 million acres. Sesame seeds are approximately 50% oil and 25% protein. They are used in baking, candy making, and other food industries. The oil contains about 47% oleic and 39% linoleic acid. Sesame oil and foods fried in sesame oil have a long shelf life because the oil contains an antioxidant called sesamol. Sesame oil is also used in the manufacture of soaps, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals and insecticides.</p> <p>The expression "open sesame" made famous in the story of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, one of the tales from the Arabian Nights, is probably based on the sesame seed capsule. Some authorities have suggested that this expression was adopted by the author of the stories because the capsules burst open at maturity with the slightest touch. Other interpretations suggest that it comes from the popping sound of the mature pod as it opens, like the sudden pop of a lock springing open. Because of the shattering characteristic, sesame has been grown primarily on small plots that are harvested by hand. The discovery of an indehiscent (nonshattering) mutant by Langham in 1943 resulted in the development of a high yielding, shatter-resistant variety that retained its seeds during harvesting. Langham also discovered that indehiscent trait in sesame was controlled by one pair of recessive alleles. Apparently the title of "Sesame Street" is derived from the phrase "open sesame," presumably to inject curiosity and excitement into the title of this popular TV program for children.</p> <p>According to Oplinger et al. (1990), the flowers of sesame are typically self pollinated, although they may be cross pollinated by insects. No insect pollinators were observed on the plants grown at Wayne's Word. The growth of sesame is indeterminant: the plant continues to produce leaves, flowers and seed capsules throughout the warm summer months and into the fall.</p> <p>The flowers of sesame (Sesamum indicum) are similar in shape to devil's claw plants (Martynia and Proboscidea). In fact, sesame belongs to the same family Pedaliaceae, although some botanists have retained devil's claws in the Martyniaceae. Sesame seeds are an important seed crop. They are sprinkled on breads, cakes, cookies and candies and are the source of a valuable oil.</p> <p>Sesame seeds from the herb (Sesamum indicum) are an important world seed crop. The tasty seeds are sprinkled on breads, cakes, cookies and candies and they are the source of a valuable oil. The cake remaining after pressing or extraction makes an excellent livestock food, and in times of famine is eaten by people. The seeds are eaten toasted, or crushed and sweetened to make the Middle Eastern candy known as halva. Middle Eastern tahini is sesame paste made from hulled, lightly roasted seeds. The black seeds (left) are unhulled. Hulled seeds (right) are white.</p> <p>Flower of the North American Proboscidea louisianica ssp. louisianica. The yellow lines in the corolla throat are nectar guide lines that direct pollinator bees to the nectar source. This species was formerly placed in the Martyniaceae along with Martynia and Ibicella. It is now placed in the Pedaliaceae, along with sesame (Sesamum indicum), Uncarina and Harpagophytum.</p>

Z 79

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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <h2><strong>Wisteria Seeds (Wisteria sinensis)</strong></h2> <h2><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 5 or 10 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Wisteria (also spelled Wistaria or Wysteria) is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, that includes ten species of woody climbing vines native to the Eastern United States and to China, Korea, and Japan. Some species are popular ornamental plants, especially in China and Japan. An aquatic flowering plant with the common name wisteria or 'water wisteria' is in fact Hygrophila difformis, in the family Acanthaceae.</p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong>Description</strong></span></p> <p>Wisteria vines climb by twining their stems either clockwise or counterclockwise round any available support. They can climb as high as 20 m above the ground and spread out 10 m laterally. The world's largest known Wisteria vine is in Sierra Madre, California, measuring more than 1 acre (0.40 ha) in size and weighing 250 tons. Planted in 1894, it is of the Chinese lavender variety.</p> <p>The leaves are alternate, 15 to 35 cm long, pinnate, with 9 to 19 leaflets. The flowers are produced in pendulous racemes 10 to 80 cm long, similar to those of the genus Laburnum, but are purple, violet, pink or white. There is no yellow on the leaves. Flowering is in the spring (just before or as the leaves open) in some Asian species, and in mid to late summer in the American species and W. japonica. The flowers of some species are fragrant, most notably Chinese Wisteria. The seeds are produced in pods similar to those of Laburnum, and, like the seeds of that genus, are poisonous.</p> <p>Wisteria is an extremely hardy plant that is considered an invasive species in many parts of the U.S., especially the Southeast, due to its ability to overtake and choke out other native plant species.</p> <p>Wisteria species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including brown-tail.</p> <p><strong>Cultivation</strong></p> <p>Wisteria, especially Wisteria sinensis, is very hardy and fast-growing. It can grow in fairly poor-quality soils, but prefers fertile, moist, well-drained soil. They thrive in full sun. Wisteria can be propagated via hardwood cutting, softwood cuttings, or seed. However, specimens grown from seed can take decades to bloom; for this reason, gardeners usually grow plants that have been started from rooted cuttings or grafted cultivars known to flower well.[citation needed] Another reason for failure to bloom can be excessive fertilizer (particularly nitrogen). Wisteria has nitrogen fixing capability (provided by Rhizobia bacteria in root nodules), and thus mature plants may benefit from added potassium and phosphate, but not nitrogen. Finally, wisteria can be reluctant to bloom because it has not reached maturity. Maturation may require only a few years, as in Kentucky Wisteria, or nearly twenty, as in Chinese Wisteria. Maturation can be forced by physically abusing the main trunk, root pruning, or drought stress.</p> <p>Wisteria can grow into a mound when unsupported, but is at its best when allowed to clamber up a tree, pergola, wall, or other supporting structure. Whatever the case, the support must be very sturdy, because mature Wisteria can become immensely strong with heavy wrist-thick trunks and stems. These will certainly rend latticework, crush thin wooden posts, and can even strangle large trees. Wisteria allowed to grow on houses can cause damage to gutters, downspouts, and similar structures. Its pendulous racemes are best viewed from below.</p> <p>Wisteria flowers develop in buds near the base of the previous year's growth, so pruning back side shoots to the basal few buds in early spring can enhance the visibility of the flowers. If it is desired to control the size of the plant, the side shoots can be shortened to between 20 and 40 cm long in mid summer, and back to 10 to 20 cm in the fall. Once the plant is a few years old, a relatively compact, free-flowering form can be achieved by pruning off the new tendrils three times during the growing season; in June, July and August, for the northern hemisphere. The flowers of some varieties are edible, and can even be used to make wine. Others are said to be toxic. Careful identification by an expert is strongly recommended before consuming this or any wild plant.</p> <p><strong>Taxonomy</strong></p> <p>The botanist Thomas Nuttall said he named the genus Wisteria in memory of Dr. Caspar Wistar (1761–1818).[1][2] Questioned about the spelling later, Nuttall said it was for "euphony," but his biographer speculated that it may have something to do with Nuttall's friend Charles Jones Wister, Sr., of Grumblethorpe, the grandson of the merchant John Wister.[3] (Some Philadelphia sources state that the plant is named after Wister.)[4] As the spelling is apparently deliberate, there is no justification for changing the genus name under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.[5] However, some spell the plant's common name "wistaria", and Fowler is decisively for the "wistaria" spelling.</p> <p>Genetic analysis shows Callerya, Afgekia and Wisteria to be each other's closest relatives and quite distinct from other members of the tribe Millettieae. Both have eight chromosomes.</p> <p><strong>In culture</strong></p> <p>Fuji Musumè (藤娘?) or Wisteria Maiden is an Otsu-e (Japanese folk painting in Ōtsu, Shiga) subject thought to have been inspired by popular dances. These paintings were often sold as good-luck charms for marriages. Fuji Musumè is also a famous classical Kabuki dance.</p> <p>In Barbara Kingsolver's novel The Bean Trees, Turtle refers to wisteria vines as bean trees, because the pre-bloomed flower pods are shaped like beans. Later, she and Taylor learn that wisteria is a legume (i.e., is in the bean family) and that wisteria and other legumes engage in symbiotic relationships, just as the book's characters do.</p> <p>In Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Giant Wistaria," the plant becomes both a sign of virility ("'It groweth well, this vine thou broughtest me in the ship, my husband.'") as well as a sign of destruction. A daughter has a child out of wedlock and her parents plan to take her back to the old country while giving the baby to a local town. The daughter hears this and ultimately, drowns the baby. She either hangs herself from the wistaria vines roots growing in the basement or they strangle her and kill her; the story doesn't clarify.</p>

T 46 (5 S)

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<h2><span style="font-size:14pt;"><strong>Blue Columnar Cactus Seeds (Pilosocereus pachycladus)</strong></span></h2> <h2><span style="font-size:14pt;color:#ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 5 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Pilosocereus pachycladus is one of the most spectacular, columnar, tree-like cacti. It is up to 33 feet (10) tall and ramify at the base or develops a distinct trunk with dozens of erected, bluish-silver branches up to 4.4 inches (11 cm) in diameter. The stems are turquoise or light blue-green. The areoles are up to 0.4 inch (1 cm) in diameter, with white to grey felt and long white bristles. The spines are translucent with yellow hue turning grey as they get old. The flowers are more or less funnel-shaped, whitish with greenish or reddish outer segments, up to 3 inches (7.5 cm) long and up to 1.8 inches (4.5 cm) in diameter.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>How to Grow and Care</strong></p> <p>Like most cacti, Cereus are fairly, low-maintenance and hardy. Make sure they receive enough water without becoming waterlogged, especially during the summer and fertilize them for best results. If the roots have become black or overly soft, the cactus could be experiencing root rot. Cut away the affected parts and replant. Most gardeners interested in cacti should be able to cultivate these without much problem.</p> <p> </p> <p>It may become necessary to repot your Cereus if it outgrows its container. If so, make sure the soil is dry and then remove the pot. Knock away old soil and prune away any rotted or dead roots, then replace it in a new pot and backfill with new soil. Make sure not to overwater cacti planted in new pots, as this can lead to root rot. It should be left dry for about a week and then watered lightly.</p> <p> </p> <p>These cacti propagate quite easily from cuttings. Simply sever a branch and replant in moist, well-drained soil… – See more at: How to Grow and Care for Cereus</p>

CT 17

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<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;" class=""><b>Caracore Cactus Seeds (Cereus dayamii)</b></span></h2> <h2 class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><b><span style="color: #ff0000;">Price for Package of 5 seeds.</span></b></span></h2> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">Cereus stenogonus is a species in the genus Cereus (sweet potato cactus) which contains 20 species and belongs to the family of the Cactaceae (Cactus Family).</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">The trees grow to a height of approximately 8 meters.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">Cereus stenogonus is an evergreen plant. The flowers are funnel-shaped and pink. The flowers are arranged solitary.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">The fruits are edible berries.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b>Uses</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">Fruits and stems of Cereus repandus are edible. Its wood has been used in making furniture and for firewood, and sliced stems have been used as a soap substitute. It is cultivated as a living fence also.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">Cereus stenogonus is native to east Bolivia, Paraguay and north Argentina.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;">Cereus stenogonus prefers a sunny site and can withstand temperatures down to -6,6º C. It grows best in soils that are dry.</p>

CT 18 (5 S)

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<h2><span style="font-size:14pt;"><strong>Japanese beautyberry Seeds (Callicarpa japonica)</strong></span></h2> <h2><span style="font-size:14pt;color:#ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 5 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Callicarpa japonica, commonly known as East Asian beautyberry or Japanese beautyberry, is a plant in the mint family.</p> <p>It is a deciduous shrub, which is most notable for producing purple drupes (its “berries") in the fall. The flowers can range from pink to white. This species is native to China, Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, and Taiwan. It considered to be a common species in Japan.</p> <p>It is cultivated as an ornamental tree, and it is very popular in gardens and parks. The fruits are not edible for humans, but provide food for birds and deer. The leaves can be used to make herbal tea.</p>

V 240

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<h2><strong>Fo-ti, He-shou-wu Seeds (Polygonum multiflorum)</strong></h2> <h2 class=""><span style="color: #fd0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 5 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p><em>Polygonum multiflorum</em>&nbsp;(Fo-ti) is a popular herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Commonly known as He shou wu in China and Fo-ti in North America, studies have shown this herb to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, hair loss, hardening of the arteries, and neurodegenerative diseases.</p> <p><strong>What is Fo-Ti?</strong></p> <p><em>Polygonum multiflorum</em> Thunb. (<em>P. multiflorum</em>) or <em>Fallopia maltiflora</em> is officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and is one of the most popular herbs in Chinese medicines [R].</p> <p>In North America, it is commonly known as Fo-ti.</p> <p>It is widely cultivated throughout China and other countries such as Japan, where it grows in valley shrubs, hillside forests, gutter rock crevices and other locations at altitudes of 200-3000 m [R].</p> <p>The plant grows to be 2-4 m tall consisting of a woody tuber, leaves that are 3-7 cm long and arrowhead-shaped, white or greenish-white flowers that are 6-7 mm in diameter and an achene fruit 2.5-3 mm in length [R].</p> <p>Over the years, parts of Fo-ti&nbsp;have been used for different medicinal purposes.</p> <p>The leaves, root tuber, and rhizomes have been used as a tonic in the anti-aging formula while the stem has been used to alleviate insomnia and to help treat diabetes [R].</p> <p><strong>Chemical Constituents of&nbsp;Fo-ti</strong></p> <p>More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from Fo-ti, and the most biologically relevant components have been determined to be from the families of stilbenes, quinones, flavonoids, and phospholipids.</p> <p>Processing Fo-ti, as opposed to using the raw herb, influences the amount and type of chemical constituents found in the plant [R,&nbsp;R].</p> <p>The toxicity of processed Fo-ti&nbsp;is lower than that of the crude herb and this may be associated with the decreased levels of some of the components after processing [R].</p> <p>Additionally, processing of Fo-ti&nbsp;resulted in the formation of five new chemicals that were not identified in the crude herb [R].</p> <p>Refer to the technical section for the full names of these new chemicals and for an extensive list of the chemical constituents of Fo-ti&nbsp;view the article by Lin <em>et al.</em> (2015) [R].</p> <p>Two of the best-studied constituents of Fo-ti include&nbsp;2,3,5,40-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) and emodin.</p> <p><strong>Pharmacokinetics of Fo-ti</strong></p> <p>Only limited data about certain constituents of Fo-ti is available.</p> <p>Rats rapidly absorb TSG into its bodily fluid and quickly eliminated, distributing through the liver and lung but hardly through the blood-brain and blood-testicle barriers [R].</p> <p>Emodin is found primarily in the liver and brain [R].</p> <p><strong>Health Benefits of Fo-ti</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti&nbsp;exhibits a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-aging, immunologic, neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects.</p> <p>However, few clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the traditional therapeutic claims and to understand the medical potential of its bioactive compounds.</p> <p><strong>Immune-Supporting Effects of&nbsp;Fo-ti</strong></p> <p><strong>1) Anti-inflammatory Effects of&nbsp;Fo-ti</strong></p> <p>TSG and emodin in Fo-ti&nbsp;can decrease inflammation and help with colitis in mouse models by increasing PPAR-gamma and decreasing NF-kB&nbsp;[R, R, R].</p> <p>In mice, A methanol extract of Fo-ti has an&nbsp;anti-inflammatory effect on mouse macrophage cells that are stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (a bacterial toxin from harmful bacteria).</p> <p>This Fo-ti extract inhibited NF-kB activation and thus reduced nitric oxide, COX-2 enzyme, and inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and&nbsp;IL-6 [R].</p> <p>Emodin protects microglia cells in the brain from inflammation due to lipopolysaccharides through AMPK/Nrf2 activation [R].</p> <p><strong>2) Fo-ti Promotes Good Immune Function</strong></p> <p>The sugars (rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, and glucose) and anthraquinone glycosides found within Fo-ti&nbsp;can improve immune response and overall immune system function (immunomodulatory effect).</p> <p>Fo-ti boosts the immune system by increasing the production of T and B cells, and improving the activities of the immune cells, as well as increasing the secretion of the inflammatory tumor necrosis factor.</p> <p>Further, Fo-ti increases the&nbsp;activity of natural killer (NK) cells [R, R].</p> <p><strong>3)&nbsp;Fo-ti May be Effective against MRSA</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti has anti-bacterial activity against methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylocuccus aureus</em> (MRSA) in a cell-based study [R].</p> <p><strong>4)&nbsp;Fo-ti has Antiviral activities</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti exhibited anti-HIV by preventing the virus from entering lymphocytes in a cell-based study [R].</p> <p>Emodin blocks binding of SARS coronavirus human cells in a cell-based study [R].</p> <p><strong>5) Fo-ti May Help with Asthma</strong></p> <p>In a mouse model of asthma, Fo-ti decreases airway allergic symptoms [R].</p> <p><strong>Antioxidant Activities of&nbsp;Fo-ti</strong></p> <p><strong>6) Fo-ti&nbsp;Protects the Liver</strong></p> <p>The anthraquinones and polysaccharides found in Fo-ti<em>&nbsp;</em>protect&nbsp;the liver by reducing inflammation, preventing fat oxidation, and increasing antioxidant effects [R, R].</p> <p>Pre-treating rats with 200 mg/kg water extract of Fo-ti protect the rats against chloroform-induced liver toxicity and significantly reduced plasma ALT (a liver enzyme that indicates liver damage) as well as improved glutathione levels and other oxidative stress markers. However, increasing the dose to 400 mg/kg did not protect the liver against chloroform toxicity, and at 4000 mg/kg, Fo-ti damaged the liver [R].</p> <p><strong>7) Fo-ti May Protect the Bone from Oxidative Stress</strong></p> <p>TSG from Fo-ti extract protects the bone-making cells (osteoblasts) from oxidative damage in a cell-based study, suggesting that TSG may protect against osteoporosis due to oxidative stress&nbsp;[R].</p> <p>Hot water extract of Fo-ti prevents bone loss (osteopenia) from mice with that lose bone mass from having their ovaries removed [R].</p> <p><strong>8) Fo-ti Protects Tissues&nbsp;Oxidation in Diabetes</strong></p> <p>2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside&nbsp;protects against kidney damage from high blood sugar in diabetic mice through SIRT1 and TGF-beta1 pathways [R, R].</p> <p>Stilbene glucoside from Fo-ti inhibits tissue aging due to high blood sugar (formation of advanced glycation end product) [R].</p> <p><strong>Neuroprotective effects of&nbsp;Fo-ti</strong></p> <p><strong>9) Fo-ti&nbsp;May&nbsp;Help with Alzheimer’s Disease</strong></p> <p>In a mouse model of Alzheimer’s, tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside from Fo-ti helps with memory deficit [R].</p> <p>A small Chinese clinical trial found that Fo-ti extract is effective against Alzheimer’s disease [R].</p> <p>Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside helps slow down age-related memory loss in rats [R].</p> <p>In a cell-based study, treatment with a Fo-ti root extract reduced amyloid plaque&nbsp;that can cause Alzheimer‘s disease [R].</p> <p>Emodin, a chemical found in Fo-ti, inhibits the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, which might be how it helps with cognitive function in a similar manner to Huperzine A and some Alzheimer‘s drugs [R].</p> <p><strong>10) Fo-ti May Help with Parkinson’s Disease</strong></p> <p>In mouse models of Parkinson’s Disease, TSG and an ethanol extract of Fo-ti protects dopaminergic neurons from chemical-induced damage [R,&nbsp;R].</p> <p><strong>11) Fo-ti&nbsp;Protects the Brain from&nbsp;Stroke</strong></p> <p>Hexane extracts of Fo-ti can protect against tissue damage following stroke in mice and thus may have clinical applications as a protective agent against neurological injury [R].</p> <p><strong>12) Fo-ti Protects Against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity</strong></p> <p>In a cell-based study, Fo-ti protects neuronal cells from the hippocampus against glutamate toxicity, suggesting that it can help with cognitive disorders, especially ones that involve memory loss [R].</p> <p><strong>Fo-ti&nbsp;and&nbsp;Cardiovascular Risks</strong></p> <p><strong>13) Fo-ti&nbsp;Helps Reduces Cholesterol</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti&nbsp;can reduce cholesterol and triglycerides in people with high cholesterol&nbsp;[R, R, R].</p> <p>However, further research is required to understand how Fo-ti&nbsp;helps reduce cholesterol.</p> <p><strong>14) Fo-ti&nbsp;Helps Prevent Hardening of the Arteries</strong></p> <p>TSG<em>&nbsp;</em>can prevent hardening of the arteries by reducing lipid levels in the blood, reduce inflammation and normalize the structure of the blood vessel via a reduction in the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes [R].</p> <p><strong>15) Fo-ti&nbsp;has Protective Effects in Blood-Clotting Disorders</strong></p> <p>Thromboembolic (blood-clotting) disorders are caused by loose blood clots that form in a blood vessel and are carried by the bloodstream into another vessel that subsequently becomes blocked.</p> <p>This often happens in the lungs (pulmonary embolism), brain (stroke), gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, or leg. This phenomenon is known as thromboembolism.</p> <p>The chemical 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside&nbsp;isolated from Fo-ti can prevent abnormal blood clotting [R].</p> <p><strong>16) Fo-ti<em>&nbsp;</em>Protects the Heart</strong></p> <p>In rats, TSG protected the heart from squeezing pressure around the abdomen [R].</p> <p>In a heart attack model, Fo-ti stilbene glycoside can protect against cell injury from lack of oxygen or blood flow by increasing the levels of cellular antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and the nitric oxide pathways [R].</p> <p><strong>17) Fo-ti Helps with Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti, together with red ginseng, helps with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome by improving high blood pressure, obesity, high blood lipids, inflammation of the blood vessels, and insulin sensitivity&nbsp;[R].</p> <p><strong>Other</strong></p> <p><strong>18) Fo-ti&nbsp;Helps Prevent Cancer</strong></p> <p>These anthraquinones induce apoptosis (cell death) in cancer cells and activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways which are abnormal in many human cancers [R, R].</p> <p>Emodin and aloe-emodin&nbsp;can inhibit cell growth (by inhibiting apoptosis) of human cervical cancer cells, human tongue cancer cells, neuroblastoma cells, and melanoma cells [R].</p> <p>It could significantly reduce colon tumor volume and weight in mice [R].</p> <p>Emodin enhanced tumor cell death of gallbladder cancer cells that are injected into mice [R].</p> <p><strong>19) Fo-ti&nbsp;Helps with Insomnia and Sleep Disorders</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti&nbsp;extracts are commonly prescribed in Taiwan for the treatment of insomnia [R].</p> <p>Additionally, although the evidence is insufficient, <em>P. multiflorum</em> may ease the anxiety and insomnia experienced by patients with bipolar disorder [R].</p> <p><strong>20) Fo-ti&nbsp;Helps With Hair Growth</strong></p> <p>Fo-ti&nbsp;has traditionally been used to treat patients suffering from baldness and hair loss&nbsp;throughout East Asia.</p> <p>This traditional use of the herb has been substantiated by a study conducted in mice showing that <em>P. multiflorum</em> extracts promote hair growth by inducing the anagen phase in resting hair follicles [R].</p> <p>Torachrysone-8-O-β-D-glucoside, a compound found in <em>P. multiflorum</em>, can significantly increase the number of dermal papilla cells which play a role in hair growth and hair fiber length [R].</p> <p><strong>Potential Side Effects and Toxicity</strong></p> <p><strong>Liver Toxicity of Fo-ti</strong></p> <p>The best-known toxicity of <em>P. multiflorum</em> is the induction of hepatotoxicity [R]. Hepatotoxicity induced by <em>P. multiflorum </em>can be severe and even result in death.</p> <p>Several cases of hepatotoxicity due to <em>P. multiflorum</em> have been reported in patients from Australia, China, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands and Slovakia who were taking the product for hair loss, chronic prostatitis or to boost the immune system [R, R, R, R].</p> <p>The main chemicals responsible for the hepatotoxicity of <em>P. multiflorum</em> are free anthraquinones such as emodin and physcion [R]. The toxicity of emodin has been detailed by the U.S. National Toxicology Program [R].</p> <p>The hepatotoxicity of the water extract is higher than that of the ethanol and acetone extracts of <em>P. multiflorum</em>. Processing of <em>P. multiflorum</em> also decreased hepatotoxicity [R, R].</p> <p><strong>Kidney and Lung Toxicity of Fo-ti</strong></p> <ol> <li><em> multiflorum</em> is also toxic to the kidneys (nephrotoxicity) and the lungs (pulmonary toxicity), particularly after long-term use.</li> <li><em> multiflorum</em> causes embryonic toxicity in mice and may affect embryonic development, suggesting that it may not be safe for pregnant women.</li> </ol> <p>Warfarin (prescribed to prevent the formation of blood clots) may interact negatively with <em>P. multiflorum </em>resulting in bone marrow suppression [R].</p> <p><strong>Technical</strong></p> <ul> <li>The underlying mechanisms of <em>P. multiflorum </em>may be related to the antioxidant effects of TSG, a decrease of the angiotensin II level, suppression of transforming growth factor-β1 expression, and inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.</li> <li>Cardiac remodeling refers to the changes in size, shape, structure, and function of the heart and is usually a pathological result of an injury to the heart muscle.</li> <li>Several studies have demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of <em>P. multiflorum</em> occur through inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory signaling factors such as nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, chemokines, and cytokines (R, R1).</li> <li>Additionally, other markers of diabetes, including the expression of TGF-β1, COX-2, and SIRT1 genes, were found to significantly improve in TSG-treated diabetic rats [R].</li> <li>Full chemical names for the compounds found in <em>P. multiflorum </em>after processing: 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4(H)-pyran-4-one, hydroxymaltol, 5-hydroxym ethyl-furfural, butanedioic acid, and 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4(H)-pyran-4-one</li> <li>P. multiflorum boosts the immune system by accelerating the production of T and B lymphocytes, initiating the mixed lymphocyte reaction, improving macrophage phagocytosis, and increasing secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF).</li> </ul> <p><strong>Other names for <em>P. multiflorum </em>include:</strong></p> <p>Chinese Cornbind, Chinese Knotweed, Climbing Knotweed, Fallopia multiflora, Flowery Knotweed, Fo Ti Tieng, <strong>Fo-Ti,</strong> He Shou Wu, Ho Shou Wu, Multiflora Preparata, Poligonum, Poligonum Multiflorum, Polygonum,Polygonum Multiflorum Thunberg, Racine de Renouée Multiflore, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix Polygoni Shen Min, Renouée, Renouée à Fleurs Nombreuses, Renouée de Chine, Renouée Multiflore, Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb), Rhizoma Polygonata, Shen Min, Shou Wu, Shou Wu Pian, Tuber Fleeceflower, Zhihe Shou Wu, Zi Shou Wu</p><script src="//cdn.public.n1ed.com/G3OMDFLT/widgets.js"></script>

MHS 110 (5 S)

5/ 5

<h2><span style="font-size:14pt;"><strong>White Bat Flower Seeds (Tacca chantrieri)</strong></span></h2> <h2><span style="color:#ff0000;font-size:14pt;"><strong>Price for Package of 4 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Tacca chantrieri, the black bat flower, is a species of flowering plant in the yam family Dioscoreaceae. Tacca chantrieri is an unusual plant in that it has black flowers. These flowers are somewhat bat-shaped, are up to 12 inches across, and have long 'whiskers' that can grow up to 28 inches. There are ten species in the genus Tacca. One of these, T. integrifolia, is commonly called the "white bat plant." T. integrifolia is similar to T. chantrieri, but has white bracts which are veined purple. T. integrifolia is larger than T. chantrieri, reaching up to four feet in height (almost twice the size of T. chantrieri at a height of 24"-36").</p> <p>Tacca chantrierei is native to tropical regions of Southeast Asia including Thailand, Malaysia, and southern China: particularly Yunnan Province. They are understory plants, so they prefer shade (at least 60%). They grow best in well-drained soil with good air circulation, but they prefer high humidity, and need a lot of water. They are hardy to USDA zones 11, above 4.5 °C (40 °F).</p>

F 66 W

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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <h2><strong>Wild Banana Seeds (Musa balbisiana)</strong></h2> <h2><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 3 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Musa balbisiana is a wild-type species of banana native to eastern South Asia, northern Southeast Asia, and southern China. It is one of the ancestors of modern cultivated bananas, along with Musa acuminata. It was first scientifically described in 1820 by the Italian botanist Luigi Aloysius Colla.</p> <p>It grows lush leaves in clumps with a more upright habit than most cultivated bananas. Flowers grow in inflorescences colored red to maroon. The fruit is between blue and green. They are considered inedible because of the seeds they contain but are very tasty.</p> <p>It may be assumed that wild bananas were cooked and eaten or agriculturalists would not have developed the cultivated banana.[4] Seeded Musa balbisiana fruit are called butuhan ('with seeds') in the Philippines, and kluai tani (กล้วยตานี) in Thailand. Natural parthenocarpic clones occur through polyploidy and produce edible bananas, examples of which are wild saba bananas.</p> </body> </html>

V 88 MB

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<h2><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><strong>Wild Papaya Seeds (Jacaratia spinose)</strong></span></h2> <h2><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 5 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>A wild papaya relative bearing 12 cm long and 3.5 cm fruits that ripen to orange yellow and are said to have a flavor reminiscent of mango and passion fruit. Only over-ripe fruits are eaten. A fast-growing and ornamental looking herbaceous "tree" similar to the regular papaya. Can grow to 20-40 m.</p><script src="//cdn.public.n1ed.com/G3OMDFLT/widgets.js"></script>

V 22 W

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<h2><span style="font-size:14pt;"><strong>Elephant's foot Seeds (Dioscorea elephantipes)</strong></span></h2> <h2><span style="font-size:14pt;color:#ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 2 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Dioscorea elephantipes (elephant's foot or Hottentot bread; syn. Testudinaria elephantipes), is a species of flowering plant in the genus Dioscorea of the family Dioscoreaceae, native to the dry interior of South Africa.</p> <p> </p> <p>It is a deciduous climber. It takes the name "elephant's foot" from the appearance of its large, partially buried, tuberous stem, which grows very slowly but often reaches a considerable size, often more than 3 m (10 ft) in circumference with a height of nearly 1 m (3 ft 3 in) above ground. It is rich in starch, whence the name Hottentot bread, and is covered on the outside with thick, hard, corky plates.[1] It requires significant processing before being eaten to remove toxic compounds.</p> <p> </p> <p>Primarily a winter grower, it develops slender, leafy, climbing shoots[1] with dark-spotted, greenish-yellow flowers in winter (May or June in habitat)[2] The flowers are dioecious, with male or female flowers occurring on separate plants.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Distribution</strong></p> <p>Its natural habitat is the arid inland regions of the Cape, stretching from the centre of the Northern Cape (where it occurs around Springbok), south to the Clanwilliam &amp; Cederberg area, and eastwards through the districts of Graaff Reinet, Uniondale and Willowmore, as far as Grahamstown.</p> <p> </p> <p>It was recently rediscovered in a section of the Northern Cape Province by an expedition collecting seeds for the Millennium Seed Bank Project.</p> <p> </p> <p>In this area, it is most common on rocky north &amp; east-facing slopes, in quartz or shale based soils.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Cultivation</strong></p> <p>This species is not difficult to cultivate, however it requires extremely coarse, well-drained soil, and sparse watering. Importantly, it is deciduous and loses its leaves in the summer. At this time it goes through a dry dormancy period. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Watering</strong></p> <p>This species indicates when it is requiring water, by the presence of green growth. From when a new growth appears from the caudex, it can receive regular watering, up until the growth withers and dies back. This is when the plant goes into its summer dormancy. Then watering should become more rare - until the next new growth appears.</p> <p> </p> <p>The cycle can be extremely unpredictable or erratic, but in most cases this results in a watering regime of wetter winter and spring, and a dry summer dormancy period.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Sun &amp; shade</strong></p> <p>In nature, the caudex is usually in shade beneath thicket vegetation, and only the leafy tendrils reach up to the sunlight. Therefore the caudex is sensitive to prolonged exposure to heat and full sunlight, and a dappled-sun or semi-shaded position is preferable. The green vine tendrils however, thrive if they are able to reach partial or full sunlight.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Soil</strong></p> <p>This plant grows naturally in brush on rocky slopes, so it requires extremely well-drained soil, with a large (at least 50%) mineral component.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Temperatures</strong></p> <p>In cultivation in temperate areas, D. elephantipes can tolerate temperatures to -4 °C in habitat.</p>

CT 19

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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <h2><strong>Toothbrush Tree, Mustard Tree Seeds (Salvadora persica)</strong></h2> <h2><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Price for Package of 5 seeds.</strong></span></h2> <p>Salvadora persica (arak, jhak, pīlu, Salvadora indica, toothbrush tree, mustard tree), is a species of Salvadora. Used for centuries as a natural toothbrush, its fibrous branches have been mentioned by the World Health Organization for oral hygiene use</p> <p>Salvadora persica is a small tree or shrub with a crooked trunk, typically 6–7 metres (20–23 ft) in height. Its bark is scabrous and cracked, whitish with pendulous extremities. The root bark of the tree is similar in colour to sand, and the inner surfaces are an even lighter shade of brown. It has a pleasant fragrance, of cress or mustard, as well as a warm and pungent taste. The leaves break with a fine crisp crackle when trodden on. <strong>The tree produces small red edible fruits, juicy but pungent, in clusters.</strong></p> <p><strong>History and use</strong></p> <p>Salvadora persica is a popular teeth cleaning stick throughout the Arabian Peninsula, as well as the wider Muslim world. The fresh leaves can be eaten as part of a salad and are used in traditional medicine. The flowers are small and fragrant and are used as a stimulant and are mildly purgative.      The berries are small and barely noticeable; they are eaten both fresh and dried. The wood of the Salvadora persica can be used for charcoal and firewood. In Namibia, the mustard bush is used as drought-resistant fodder for cattle. The seeds can be used to extract a detergent oil.</p> <p>As of 2009, Botanic Gardens Conservation International has a total of eight Salvadora persica plants in conservation.</p> <h3 class="h1" itemprop="name">Remove pulp before sowing.</h3> </body> </html>

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